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Shumal Formation
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Shumal Fm base reconstruction

Shumal Fm

Period: 
Cambrian

Age Interval: 
Wuliuan (Miaolingian) (509-500 Ma)


Province: 
NW Himalaya Kashmir Basin

Type Locality and Naming

The type location is near Shumal village northern limb of the Liddar anticline. [Original Publication: Srikantia, S.V., Bhargava, O.N. 1983. Geology of the Palaeozoic sequence of the Kashmir Tethys Himalaya in the Lidder Valley. Journal Geological Society of India, 24 (7): 363-377.]

Synonyms: Karihul Formation Kumar et al., 1987


Lithology and Thickness

Siltstone. It is 1000 m and comprises olive green/gray shale and siltstone. The siltstone shows ripple bedding, low-angled cross-bedding and parallel bedding.


Lithology Pattern: 
Siltstone


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

Conformably overlies the Lolab Fm (= Khaiyur Fm) with gradational contact.

Upper contact

Conformably overlain by the Rangmal Fm.

Regional extent

Kashmir Basin


GeoJSON

{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"MultiPolygon","coordinates":[[[[76.46,33.21],[75.58,34.05],[74.97,34.3],[74.17,34.3],[74.09,33.87],[74.39,33.24],[75.71,32.87],[76.46,33.21]]]]}}

Fossils

Trilobite: Xingrenaspis dardapurensis, Baltagnostus cf. rakuroensis, Pagetia sp, Tonkinella breviceps, Bailiella lantenoisi, Parachittidilla kashmirensis, Shahaspis himalayensis, Latilorenzella sp, Hundwarella memor, Iranolessia butes.


Age 

Wuliuan (Miaolingian)

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Cambrian Stage 4

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.5

    Beginning date (Ma): 
511.75

    Ending stage: 
Wuliuan

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
0.5

    Ending date (Ma):  
506.75

Depositional setting

The siltstone shows ripple bedding, low-angled cross-bedding and parallel bedding. The Shumal Formation mainly represents shallow subtidal environment (Srikantia and Bhargava, 1983; Shah et al, 1991; Kumar et al, 1987).


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information


Compiler:  

O.N. Bhargava & Birendra Singh